Wood CO2 The parameters of laser marking can be set according to actual needs
I. Introduction
Wood, as a natural material, features unique textures and colors and is widely used in furniture manufacturing, handicraft making, architectural decoration and other fields. CO2 Laser marking machines have been widely used in wood surface marking due to their advantages such as high precision, non-contact processing and environmental friendliness. However, the physical and chemical properties of wood are rather complex, and the effect of laser marking is influenced by multiple parameters. Therefore, it is of vital importance to set the laser marking parameters reasonably according to the actual needs.
Ii. CO2 The working principle of a laser marking machine
CO2 The laser marking machine utilizes CO2 The far-infrared laser with a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers generated by the laser is focused onto the surface of the wood through an optical system, causing the local surface of the wood to rapidly heat up and undergo physical or chemical changes, thereby achieving the marking effect. During the laser marking process, the moisture and organic components on the surface of the wood are rapidly vaporized, forming concave patterns or characters.
Iii. Key Parameters Affecting Laser Marking Effect
(1) Laser power
Laser power is one of the important parameters that affect the marking effect. The higher the power, the faster the marking speed and the deeper the marking depth. For marking the surface of wood, it is usually necessary to choose a moderate power to avoid excessive charring or damage to the wood surface.
- Low power (10-20 watts) : Suitable for shallow marking, with a relatively shallow marking depth, it is ideal for fine patterns and text.
Medium power (20-40 watts) : Suitable for marking of medium depth, with clear marking effects and suitable for most application scenarios.
- High power (40-60 watts) : Suitable for deep marking, with a relatively deep marking depth, it is ideal for applications that require deeper patterns or text.
(2) Scanning speed
The scanning speed determines the movement speed of the laser beam on the surface of the wood. The faster the speed, the shorter the marking time, but the marking depth and contrast may decrease.
- Low speed (100-200 mm/s) : The marking depth is relatively deep and the contrast is high, making it suitable for applications that require deeper marking.
Medium speed (200-400 mm/s) : Clear marking effect, suitable for most application scenarios.
- High speed (400-600 mm/s) : The marking time is short, but the marking depth and contrast may be relatively low, making it suitable for shallow marking.
(3) Pulse frequency
The pulse frequency determines the repetition rate of the laser pulse. The higher the frequency, the denser the laser pulses, and the finer the marking effect.
- Low frequency (10-20 kilohertz) : The laser pulses are sparse, and the marking effect is relatively rough, making it suitable for deep marking.
Medium frequency (20-40 kilohertz) : The laser pulse is moderate, and the marking effect is fine, suitable for most application scenarios.
- High frequency (40-60 kilohertz) : The laser pulses are dense, and the marking effect is extremely fine, making it suitable for fine patterns and text.
(4) Focal length
The focal length determines the position of the focus point of the laser beam. The shorter the focal length, the more focused the laser beam is and the higher the marking accuracy. The longer the focal length, the more dispersed the laser beam becomes and the larger the marking range.
- Short focal length (50-100 mm) : The laser beam is focused, providing high marking accuracy and is suitable for fine patterns and text.
Medium focal length (100-150 mm) : The laser beam is of moderate size, providing clear marking effects and suitable for most application scenarios.
- Long focal length (150-200 mm) : The laser beam is dispersed, providing a wide marking range, making it suitable for large-area marking.
Iv. Parameter Settings in Practical Applications
(1) Furniture manufacturing
In furniture manufacturing, the markings on the surface of wood usually need to be clear, aesthetically pleasing and not affect the natural grain of the wood. It is recommended to use medium power (20-40 watts), medium scanning speed (200-400 millimeters per second) and medium pulse frequency (20-40 kilohertz). The focal length can be selected appropriately according to the marked range (100-150 millimeters).
(2) Handicraft making
The production of handicrafts requires fine marking and complex patterns. It is recommended to use low power (10-20 watts), low scanning speed (100-200 millimeters per second) and high pulse frequency (40-60 kilohertz). Select a short focal length (50-100 millimeters) to ensure the high precision of the marking.
(3) Architectural decoration
Wood markings in architectural decoration usually require large areas and high-contrast patterns. It is recommended to use high power (40-60 watts), medium scanning speed (200-400 millimeters per second) and medium pulse frequency (20-40 kilohertz). Choose a long focal length (150-200 millimeters) to ensure a large enough marking range.
V. Experimental Methods for Parameter Optimization
To ensure the best marking effect, it is recommended to conduct parameter optimization experiments in practical applications. The specific steps are as follows:
1. Prepare samples: Prepare several wood samples of the same material and size.
2. Set parameters: Conduct marking experiments under different power, scanning speed, pulse frequency and focal length.
3. Observation results: Check the clarity, contrast, depth and surface damage of the marking.
4. Select the best parameters: Choose the optimal combination of parameters based on the experimental results.
Vi. Summary
Wood CO2 The parameters of laser marking can be set according to actual needs. By reasonably adjusting the laser power, scanning speed, pulse frequency and focal length, clear, beautiful and durable marks can be achieved on the surface of wood. In practical applications, it is recommended to conduct parameter optimization experiments based on specific requirements to ensure the best marking effect.
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